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Vulnerability Campaign Security Patch Release

Zimbra calendar-attachment XSS abuse

Updated 06.10.2025 23:12
Case score 64
Members 3 First seen 05.10.2025 17:45 Latest activity 06.10.2025 23:12

Overview

Malicious **ICS** attachments exploited **CVE-2025-27915** in **Zimbra Collaboration Suite**, and one operation spoofed the **Libyan Navy's Office of Protocol** to reach the **Brazilian military**. The payload ran JavaScript inside authenticated webmail sessions, creating a path to mailbox abuse, credential theft, and message exfiltration. **Zimbra** released **9.0.0 Patch 44**, **10.0.13**, and **10.1.5** on January 27, 2025. Available evidence points to targeted espionage activity before the fix, while the exact scope of affected users and any broader spread remain unknown.
Latest development Open development history 3 earlier developments Zimbra patches CVE-2025-27915 in Zimbra Collaboration Zimbra Collaboration released 9.0.0 Patch 44, 10.0.13, and 10.1.5 on January 27, 2025 to fix CVE-2025-27915, a stored cross-site scripting vulnerability in the Classic Web Client caused by insufficient sanitization of HTML content in ICS calendar files.
  1. Earlier development

    StrikeReady identifies Zimbra zero-day exploitation through ICS attachments

    StrikeReady identified zero-day exploitation of CVE-2025-27915 in Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS 9.0, 10.0, and 10.1) through .ICS/iCalendar email attachments that delivered Base64-obfuscated JavaScript; the campaign spoofed the Libyan Navy’s Office of Protocol, targeted a Brazilian military organization, and sought to steal Zimbra Webmail credentials, emails, contacts, and shared folders while adding forwarding filters.

  2. Earlier development

    Brazilian military targeted with malicious ICS file exploiting Zimbra CVE-2025-27915

    An unknown threat actor masquerading as the Libyan Navy's Office of Protocol targeted the Brazilian military with a malicious ICS email attachment that exploited CVE-2025-27915 in Zimbra Classic Web client, using the payload for credential theft, email and contact exfiltration, folder access, filter-rule manipulation, and MFA bypass support. StrikeReady Labs said the campaign was unusual because it relied on direct exploitation of an open source collaboration tool via an email attachment, and Zimbra later released ZCS 10.1.9 in June as a fix after the zero-day abuse had already occurred.

  3. Earlier development

    Unknown actors exploit Zimbra zero-day against the Brazilian military

    StrikeReady Labs reported on September 30, 2025 that unknown threat actors spoofing the Libyan Navy's Office of Protocol used malicious ICS files to exploit Zimbra Collaboration CVE-2025-27915 as a zero-day against the Brazilian military. The embedded JavaScript executed through an ontoggle event inside a details tag and was designed to steal credentials, emails, contacts, and shared folders, while also creating a Zimbra filter named Correo that forwarded messages to [email protected].

Signals

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Member happenings

Vulnerability Zimbra Collaboration Suite XSS flaw (CVE-2025-27915)
Updated 05.10.2025 17:45 Lead Contribution 62
Exploitation Active Exploitation Data Type Passwords Data Type Email Addresses CVSS 5.4 Medium 1 more in details
All signals
Exploitation Active Exploitation Data Type Passwords Data Type Email Addresses CVSS 5.4 Medium Patch Patch Available

**CVE-2025-27915** was exploited as a **zero-day** in **Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS 9.0, 10.0, and 10.1)**, exposing users to **JavaScript execution** inside authenticated webmail sessions. The flaw came from **insufficient sanitization of HTML content in ICS calendar files**, which let attackers weaponize **.ICS attachments** as an execution vector. Zimbra later released **ZCS 9.0.0 P44, 10.0.13, and 10.1.5** on **January 27, 2025**, after attacks had already started in **early January**.

Campaign Libyan Navy Office of Protocol impersonation campaign targeting the Brazilian military via malicious ICS attachments
Updated 06.10.2025 23:12 Scoring Support Contribution 2
Objective Espionage

An **unknown threat actor** impersonating the **Libyan Navy's Office of Protocol** targeted the **Brazilian military** in a **targeted espionage campaign**, using a malicious **ICS email attachment** to deliver an exploit against **Zimbra**. The operation mattered because the attachment triggered **zero-day** exploitation in a collaboration platform rather than a standard phishing lure or server compromise. The delivery chain enabled data theft from user sessions, including **credentials** and mail content, while helping the actor avoid detection. The activity occurred **earlier this year** and was tied to **CVE-2025-27915**.

Security Patch Release Zimbra security patch release for CVE-2025-27915
Updated 06.10.2025 09:01 Context
Exploitation Active Exploitation CVSS 5.4 Medium Urgency Normal Patch Patch Available

**Zimbra Collaboration** released **security fixes** for **CVE-2025-27915**, closing a **stored XSS** flaw in the **Classic Web Client** that could enable session abuse and **data exfiltration**. The patch bundle shipped on **January 27, 2025** in **9.0.0 Patch 44**, **10.0.13**, and **10.1.5**. Later reporting linked the flaw to **zero-day** abuse in attacks that used **malicious ICS files**.